Friday, January 23, 2015

Sucesos que dejan huella "Los Mexicas"

                                                   "Mexicas"  

Los mexicas fueron el último pueblo mesoamericano que condensó una rica y compleja tradición religiosa, política, civilizatoria, cosmológica, astronómica, filosófica y artística aprendida y desarrollada por los pueblos de Mesoamérica a lo largo de muchos siglos.  
 
                                                    "Periodos"

El Preclásico es una época plena de logros y con una notable variedad en cuanto a expresiones culturales. En el Preclásico Temprano (2500-1200 a.C.) se dieron cambios fundamentales en la vida de los grupos humanos. El Clásico Temprano (200-600 d.C.), a la vez que Teotihuacan alcanza su apogeo y domina el Centro de México, en otras regiones surgen varias ciudades también de gran tamaño, como Cholula, Monte Albán y Tikal. Posclásico Temprano (900-1200 d.C.), se distingue por aspectos como la caída definitiva de las ciudades del Clásico, la hegemonía tolteca y los movimientos migratorios.


                                       "Ubicación espacial y temporal"

Los mexicas  venían desde un lugar mítico llamado "aztlán"  ahí se asentaron por un periodo de 50-60 años aproximadamente, de ahí vagaron por toda la altiplanicie mexicana llegando a los alrededores del texcoco hasta que los corrieron de todos lados y se ubicaron definitivamente en el islote y formando la gran tenochtitlan.
Esta se fundo al rededor del siglo XV. 

                                                      "Lengua"

El origen de los Mexicas se sitúa entre los grupos hablantes de Náhuatl del norte de México. El náhuatl clásico era la lengua del imperio Mexica y fue utilizado como lengua franca en gran parte de Mesoamérica desde el siglo VII d.C hasta la conquista española en el siglo XVI d.C.



                                            "Religión" 
La religión mexica fue la idea principal  de las creencias y tradiciones  de los antiguos pueblos mesoamericanos, de la creencia de la creación del universo y la situación del ser humano respecto a lo divino, ligada estrechamente a la agricultura y a la lluvia. Básicamente eran politeístas.


                                                 "Arte"
El pueblo mexica fue un buen pueblo escultor ya que podían realizar esculturas de todos los tamaños en las que plasmaban temas religiosos o de la naturaleza. Captaban la esencia de lo que querían representar y luego realizaban sus obras con todo detalle. En las esculturas más grandes solían representar dioses muy importantes para ellos. Las más pequeñas las utilizaban para representaciones de animales, sobretodo. Los mexicas utilizaron la piedra y la madera y a veces decoraban las esculturas con pintura de colores o incrustaciones de piedras preciosas. 


                                          "Arquitectura"

Los aztecas desarrollaron una arquitectura de pirámides. La pirámide del sol representa el máximo exponente de su arte constructivo. La escultura fue una artes asociada a la arquitectura y contribuía a dar mayor realce a los imponentes edificios. Pintura, cerámica y son característicos por su gran belleza y esplendor. 

              
                                       
                                            "Ciencia"

El calendario es lo que más se destacó entre las creaciones Mexicas. El destino de los hombres estaba rigurosamente señalado en él. Al combinar el calendario civil y el religioso, podían determinar, entre otras cosas, el oficio mas adecuado para la persona. Tal determinismo no podía menos que generar entre los mexicas un sentimiento permanente de inseguridad y angustia. 



                                                "Literatura"

El pueblo azteca mexica, fue sin duda el más exitoso de los pueblos de Mesoamérica dentro de la literatura. De estos textos la mayor parte son poemas, que se conocen con el nombre de cuicatl. Los cuicalt incluían bailes y cantos, hablaban sobre la vida y la muerte y solían utilizarse como parte de celebraciones religiosas. 

                                             "Aportaciones"
 
Algunas de las principales aportaciones de los mexicas fueron, por su caracter conquistador, el haber asimilado los valores culturales de cada uno de los pueblos dominados, que sumados a los propios dieron una gran riqueza cultural. 




        
Daniela Cabrera y Luis Alfonso Orozco.


Sucesos que dejan huella

La Civilización Teotihuacana.
 La ubicación espacial de Teotihuacan se desarrolló al noreste del valle de México y la ubicación temporal entre los años 200 y 650 DC, también tenían una forma de gobierno que era teocracia, su economía se basaba en la agricultura extensiva, especialmente de maíz, porotos y ajíes que permitió sustentar a una gran cantidad de población urbana. Ellos tenían una religión la cual era politeísta, su arquitectura se basaba en la pirámide que ya se conocía en Cuicuilco,  y por último su ciencia, no hay mucha en esta civilización  porque cuando llegaron los aztecas estaba todo en ruinas. 
 La máxima expresión de su Arquitectura la podemos apreciar en las pirámides del Sol como la de la Luna.

Por Karla Buenrostro y Iván Griera 



Wednesday, January 21, 2015

Adaptations

                                             Adaptations
                                                (Whales)

The whales adapt to the ocean developing echolocation thick layers of blubber, modified lungs,better hearing and larger arteries among other things to ensure their survival and prosperity.

                                            Adaptations
                                                (Cactus)
The cactus plants are naturally adapted to draught and heat resistant this feature is due to changes in regulation of CO2 absorption that occurs at night.
            

Adaptations

                                  Adaptation                            The whale shark is in danger of extinction, that live on the coast of Cancun it's an animal that have to adapt to the waters that are tropical and subtropical.



                             Mamey 


It's a plant that gives tropical fruits along 40 years. The tree is so elegant and looks like a Mangolia southern. It can measure about 60 to 70 feet. 


By: Diego Tonatiuh 

Adaptation

Adaptation


In the environment some animals like squirrels adapt to the environment by hiding from the that hurt them.


In my environment some plants adapt to the sidewalks, because people create sidewalks in the plants, so they grow and cross the sidewalk and that's how the adapt to the sidewalk and the environment.

Adaptation

The Dogs adapt to the climate and they live with the persons or they live by themselves because another persons hate the dogs and the dogs go away to have a better life.

Orchid
The Orchid is a good awesome plant that adapts in the winter the flowers grow up the chlorophyll the color are purpuple white or another color BY Roberto Serrano Querejeta 

"Adaptations"


                                            

In spring, at the park near to my house, I can see the grasshoppers camouflaging by hiding itself on the green trees leafs. It looks like it was part of the tree. 

On fall, you can see the leafs changing their color or you can see them falling down into the soil. It looks amazing, pretty and nice! 

By Daniela Cabrera


Adaptations

When I go to Michoacan I saw an animal, It looked like a grasshopper but small, I saw the animal in a car and I saw that the animal camouflaged in the car to hid of my cousin dog. 

One day I saw many plants overpass the paviment to give him the sun and survive.

By: Karla Yunnuen



Tuesday, January 20, 2015

Judaism

                                                    Religions
                                                    (Judaism)

History: the Judaism surged on 164 b.C. The history of Judaism is inseparable from the history of Jews themselves. The early part of the story is told in the Hebrew Bible Old Testament.
It describes how God chose the Jews to be an example to the world, and how God and his chosen people worked out their relationship It was a stormy relationship much of the time, and one of the fascinating things about Jewish history is to watch God changing and developing alongside his people.  

Characters:
David Ben-gurion: David Ben-Gurion was the first Prime Minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion’s passion for Zionism, which began early in life, culminated in his instrumental role in the founding of the state of Israel.

Niels Bohr: Niels Henrik David Bohr was a Danish physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. 

Gustafson Mahler: Gustav Mahler was a composer and conductor, born in Bohemia formerly part of the Austrian Empire, currently located in the Czech Republic and identified throughout his life as a German-speaking Austrian.

Baruch de Spinoza: Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza was a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Jewish origin Revealing considerable scientific aptitude, the breadth and importance of Spinoza’s work was not fully realized until years after his death.

Sacred books in Judaism: The Torah which is the first five books of the Old Testament or the Pentateuch,
The Nevi'im which are the books of the prophets,and
Ketuvim which are the remaining writings.

Judaism prophets: Joel, Nahum, Habakkuk and Zephaniah

Judaism temples: synagogue 

Personal opinion: I think that Judaism is a important religion because a lot of people are Jews and have very interesting beliefs.

Ivan Griera Caballero

Christianity

     Religion (Christianity)
Hi, I'm here to write for you about Christianity.
Christians  believe in just one God. Their holy book is called The Bible and their main prophet is Jesus Christ.
Some people go to church on Sundays (and others go twice a week, every day, or they don't even go)
Christians have traditions like: Christmas, Easter, New Year (well, that tradition is worldwide, but anyway, Christians celebrate it differently than other people) Holy Week, Kings Day, etc.
Not every Christian is the same, because some people don't celebrate those traditions, don't go to church, and there are variations of Christianity, like Marists for example.
I chose this religion because my parents, grandparents, and basically every person I know, believe in God, Jesus, Mary, etc. and is very interesting writing about it (even though I'm Atheist, I respect religion and all the people who believe in it).
By Eduardo Hdz.






JUDAISM

Judaism is a religious tradition with origins dating back nearly four thousand years, rooted in the ancient near eastern region of Canaan (which is now Israel and Palestinian territories). 
Abraham obeyed God and is called the father of all believers He had 2 sons...Isaac and Ishmael. 
 The main prophets of Judaism the Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, were the founding fathers of the people of Israel. From among those three Abraham was singled out for special honour in Jewish tradition.
Judaism is one of the oldest religions in the world today. Jewish history extends back through the ancient Israelite and Hebrew people to Abraham. As a timeline of Judaism shows, through centuries and millenniums of suffering, persecution, dispersion, and victory, Judaism continues to exert a profound influence around the world. The basic facts of Judaism are found in its beliefs, history, and practices.
One of the most common rituals is lighting candles just before sunset on Friday night. Reciting certain blessings before eating. Blessing and drinking wine on Shabbat (the Sabbath, which runs from Friday to Saturday) 
Temples: • A Jewish "church" is called a synagogue, shul or temple
• A synagogue is a place of worship and study, and a "town hall"
• Synagogues are run by laypeople and financed by membership dues
• There are several important ritual items found in the synagogue
• Non-Jews may visit a synagogue, but dress and should behave appropriately
• The Temple is the ancient center of Jewish worship where sacrifices were performed
Opinion: I select judaism because I think that is a really interesting religion, I read about it and I get interested about the gods, the history, the rituals for me the judaism is a interesting religion.
By: Sebastian Chávez Aguilar.
                                              Christianity 

History:

Christianity emerged in the Levant (now Palestine and Israel) in the mid-1st century AD. Christianity spread initially from Jerusalem throughout the near east, into places such as Syria, Assyria , Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt. In the 4th century it was successively adopted as the state religion.

Book (sacred):

The sacred book of the Christians is the holy bible.

Temples:

The word temple has traditionally been rarely used in the Western Christian tradition. The principal words typically used to distinguish houses of worship in Western Christian architecture are basilicacathedral and church

I think that Christianity is a good religion because is really interesting because the have many traditions and opinions about many thinks.


Religion ( Islam )

                                             
Though it is believed by non-Muslims to have originated in Mecca and Medina, Muslims believe that the religion of Islam has been present since the time of the prophet Adam. Muslims believe that prophets Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, among others, were all Islamic prophets, and they have equal veneration in the Qur'an.While the religion of Islam is perhaps not as concerned with sacred objects as its Abrahamic counterparts, Judaism and Christianity, Muslims consider some items as sacred, especially Islam's holy book, the Quran. Islam was founded in the seventh century amid a largely pagan culture on the Arabian peninsula. The text of the Quran as well as the Prophet Muhammad aimed to distinguish this new religion from pagan beliefs and worship of talismans and statues, known as idolatry. Worship of anything or anyone except God is a grave sin in Islam.

The Quran mentions twenty five prophets, most of whom are mentioned in the Biblical well.  A mosque (masjid in Arabic) is a place for worship in Islam. Although prayers can be done privately, either indoors or outdoors, nearly every community of Muslims dedicates a space or building for congregational prayer.

Looking through photographs of mosques around the world, one sees a lot of variation. Building materials and design depend on the culture, heritage, and resources of each local Muslim community. Yet, there are some features that nearly all mosques have in common. The parts of a mosque are practical, and provide both continuity and a sense of tradition among Muslims worldwide.

I think this religion is very beautiful actually I think all religions are beautiful so everyone have to respect it. One thing that I didn't know is that they are Polytheism.

Alejandro Mancera




Religion ( Islam )

                                             
Though it is believed by non-Muslims to have originated in Mecca and Medina, Muslims believe that the religion of Islam has been present since the time of the prophet Adam. Muslims believe that prophets Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, among others, were all Islamic prophets, and they have equal veneration in the Qur'an.While the religion of Islam is perhaps not as concerned with sacred objects as its Abrahamic counterparts, Judaism and Christianity, Muslims consider some items as sacred, especially Islam's holy book, the Quran. Islam was founded in the seventh century amid a largely pagan culture on the Arabian peninsula. The text of the Quran as well as the Prophet Muhammad aimed to distinguish this new religion from pagan beliefs and worship of talismans and statues, known as idolatry. Worship of anything or anyone except God is a grave sin in Islam.

The Quran mentions twenty five prophets, most of whom are mentioned in the Biblical well.  A mosque (masjid in Arabic) is a place for worship in Islam. Although prayers can be done privately, either indoors or outdoors, nearly every community of Muslims dedicates a space or building for congregational prayer.

Looking through photographs of mosques around the world, one sees a lot of variation. Building materials and design depend on the culture, heritage, and resources of each local Muslim community. Yet, there are some features that nearly all mosques have in common. The parts of a mosque are practical, and provide both continuity and a sense of tradition among Muslims worldwide.

I think this religion is very beautiful actually I think all religions are beautiful so everyone have to respect it. One thing that I didn't know is that they are Polytheism.

Alejandro Mancera




Religions(Islam)

                                             Religion
                                             (Islam) 


Islam is a monotheistic religious tradition that developed in the Middle East in the 7th century C.E. Islam, which literally means "surrender" or "submission," was founded on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad as an expression of surrender to the will of Allah, the creator and sustainer of the world. The Quran, the sacred text of Islam, contains the teachings of the Prophet that were revealed to him from Allah. Essential to Islam is the belief that Allah is the one and true God with no partner or equal. 

Temples: 

A mosque is the building in which Muslims worship God.  Throughout Islamic history, the mosque was the centre of the community and towns formed around this pivotal building.  Nowadays, especially in Muslim countries mosques are found on nearly every street corner, making it a simple matter for Muslims to attend the five daily prayers.  In the West mosques are integral parts of Islamic centers that also contain teaching and community facilities.   

Mosques come in all shapes and sizes; they differ from region to region based on the density of the Muslim population in a certain area. Muslims in the past and even today have made use of local artisans and architects to create beautiful, magnificent mosques.  


Prophets: 

God conveys His message and relates His will through human prophets.  They form a link between the earthly beings and the heavens, in the sense that God has picked them to deliver His message to human beings.  There are no other channels to receive divine communications.  It is the system of communication between the Creator and the created.  God does not send angels to every single individual, nor does He open the skies so people can climb up to receive the message.
The first and most well known of Islam’s sacred books is the Quran.  The Quran is the foundational holy book of Islam and was conveyed entirely by Muhammad, the founder and “prophet” of Islam.  Quran literally means “recitation” or “reading” in Arabic.  The Quran is comprised of 114 chapters called Surahs.  Throughout this book, whenever a portion of the Quran is cited, following the citation it will say “Surah” followed by the chapter, verse and translation. 
 
My opinion: 
Is a religion that was created so many years ago so is a monotheism religion because they only believe in one god, polytheism is the opposite of monotheism so they don't are polytheist.

By: Diego Tonatiuh  López Hernández 

Religion (Christianity)

The  history of Christianity is focused on the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The traditional history is that a young virgin called Maria who had become pregnant with the son of God through the action of the Holy Spirit. After the story of his birth,  he began his ministry at the age of about 30. This claim angered the religious authorities in Palestine and they handed Jesus over to the Roman authorities as a revolutionary. He was tried for heresy, condemned and put to death by means of crucifixion. Jesus then appeared ,alive, His followers realized that God had raised Jesus from the dead. The book of the Christianity is the bible. The Christianity religion have a sacred place named church, when Christianity people go  every Sunday. In this religion celebrate Christmas like the birth of Jesus.

I choose this religion because in my opinion is very interesting the history of the Christianity, the history of Jesus, the holidays etc.

Karla Yunnuen 





"Religion" (Judaism)

                                                

Judaism is one of the oldest monotheistic religions and was founded over 3500 years ago. Judaism is a religious tradition with origins nearly four thousand years, in the ancient eastern region of Canaan. Abraham would make them a sacred people and give them a holy land. The primary figures of Israelite culture include the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the prophet Moses.  The first five books of the Hebrew Bible were  Torah, Prophets, and Writings .Jews refer to the Bible as the Tanakh. Other sacred texts include the Talmud and Midrash, the rabbinic, and narrative interpretations of the Torah. Jewish worship is centered in synagogues, which completely replaced the Second Temple. Jewish religious leaders are called rabbis, who over see the many rituals and ceremonies to Jewish religious practice. 

In my opinion, I think Judaism is a very interesting religion because it has a lot of amazing history that I didn't know. I think it is a very important religion like the others and that we have to respect the people's beliefs. 

By Daniela Cabrera 
 





Monday, January 19, 2015

ECOSYSTEMS



Grasslands

http://youtu.be/hMqChx7zmvQ

By Daniela Cabrera and Fernando Cortes


Deserts


By Sebastian Farias, Karla Buenrostro and Diego Tonatiuh



Oceans


By Sebastian Chavez and Ivan Griera


Forests


By Eduardo Hernandez and Roberto Serrano










THE SIGHT

Vision occurs when light is processed by the eye and interpreted by the brain. Light passes through the transparent eye surface (cornea). The pupil (the black opening in the front of the eye) is an opening to the eye interior. It can get larger or smaller to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The colored portion (iris) is really a muscle controlling the pupil size. The inside of the eye is filled with a gel-like fluid. There is a flexible, transparent lens that focuses light so it hits on the back of the eye (the retina). The retina converts light energy into a nerve impulse that is carried to the brain and then interpreted.

By Diego Tonatiuh, ivan griera, Fernando Cortés rueda 

The sight

The human eye is the organ which gives us the sense of sight, help us to learn more about the surrounding world than we do with any of the other four senses. For us sight is the most important sense. And probably most people would agree with us, because of it we are able to see.

By Daniela Cabrera & Karla Buenrostro





Friday, January 16, 2015

Peteoleos

Que es el petróleo?

Es una mezcla homogénea de compuestos orgánicos, principalmente hidrocarburos.

Que materiales se obtienen de el? 

Gasolina
Plástico
Aceite
Llantas
Gas
Diésel
Vaselina 

Que se obtiene al teansformar los minerales?

Materiales para construir herramientas de uso diario.

Que materiales(metales) utilizamos actualmente?

Alcalinos
Alcalino térreos
De transición 

En qué los utilizamos? 

Alcalinos: medicinas, cloro y sal de mesa.

Alcalino térreos: leche y magnesio.

De transición:oro acero y fierro.

Sebastián Chávez y Farías , Luis Alfonso Orozco Velásquez 



Petróleo y minerales.

El petróleo es una mezcla homogénea de compuestos orgánicos, principalmente hidrocarburos insolubles en agua. Se pueden obtener los siguientes materiales: 

Gasolina para el carro 

Plastico para los materiales ejemplo: vasos,platos, etc 

aceite para el carro también

Llantas para los carros también

Queroseno Para encender fogatas que duren 
 
Etc.

Un mineral es la sustancia natural, homogénea de composición química definida.
Al trasformar un mineral se pueden obtener distintos tipos de materiales pero principalmente metales. Principalmente utilizamos 

Hierro
Cobre
Estaño
Plomo 
Cinc
Aluminio

Etc 

Y los utilizamos en: 

Sustituto de aluminio en la fabricación de acero 
Aplicación y función del Carburo de Calcio 

Fundición de Gas Acetileno 
Producción de gas acetileno 

 Mercado Agricola. 
Aplicación en el mercado agrícola 
Maduración de fruta 
Mecanismo de maduración 
Factores a considerar para maduración con carburo de calcio 

 Minería: 
Lámparas de minero

Etc

Daniela Cabrera, Roberto Serrano y Eduardo Hernández.

                                                                Petróleo 


El petróleo es  es una mezcla homogénea de compuestos orgánicos y sacamos los siguientes materiales de el:

Gasolina motor corriente 
Turbocombustible o turbosina 
Gasolina de aviación
 ACPM o Diesel 
Queroseno
Cocinol
Gas Propano o GLP 
ETC......

                                                                Minerales



 Se llama mineral a la sustancia natural, homogénea, inorgánica, de composición química definida (dentro de ciertos límites).
METAL

alcalinos
alcalinoterreos
Oro 
Plata
Cobre

Thursday, January 15, 2015

Teotihuacan

RELATO 
Cuento o narración de carácter literario, generalmente breve.

RELATO HISTORICO

Un relato histórico es la narración de hechos reales que tuvieron lugar en el pasado, presenta una secuencia cronológica. 

INTRODUCCION: Aquí se da un panorama general de los hechos sin abundar en tantos detalles.

DESARROLLO: Se explican los sucesos y se van vinculando.

CONCLUSION: Es la parte final temporal del relato porque la historia sigue para dar paso a otros acontecimientos. 

Karla Buenrostro y Iván Griega